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OBJDUMP(1) GNU Development Tools OBJDUMP(1)
NAME
objdump - display information from object files
SYNOPSIS
objdump [-a|--archive-headers]
[-b bfdname|--target=bfdname]
[-C|--demangle[=style] ]
[-d|--disassemble[=symbol]]
[-D|--disassemble-all]
[-z|--disassemble-zeroes]
[-EB|-EL|--endian={big | little }]
[-f|--file-headers]
[-F|--file-offsets]
[--file-start-context]
[-g|--debugging]
[-e|--debugging-tags]
[-h|--section-headers|--headers]
[-i|--info]
[-j section|--section=section]
[-l|--line-numbers]
[-S|--source]
[--source-comment[=text]]
[-m machine|--architecture=machine]
[-M options|--disassembler-options=options]
[-p|--private-headers]
[-P options|--private=options]
[-r|--reloc]
[-R|--dynamic-reloc]
[-s|--full-contents]
[-Z|--decompress]
[-W[lLiaprmfFsoORtUuTgAck]|
--dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=str-offsets,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index,=addr,=cu_index,=links]]
[-WK|--dwarf=follow-links]
[-WN|--dwarf=no-follow-links]
[-wD|--dwarf=use-debuginfod]
[-wE|--dwarf=do-not-use-debuginfod]
[-L|--process-links]
[--ctf=section]
[--sframe=section]
[-G|--stabs]
[-t|--syms]
[-T|--dynamic-syms]
[-x|--all-headers]
[-w|--wide]
[--start-address=address]
[--stop-address=address]
[--no-addresses]
[--prefix-addresses]
[--[no-]show-raw-insn]
[--adjust-vma=offset]
[--show-all-symbols]
[--dwarf-depth=n]
[--dwarf-start=n]
[--ctf-parent=section]
[--no-recurse-limit|--recurse-limit]
[--special-syms]
[--prefix=prefix]
[--prefix-strip=level]
[--insn-width=width]
[--visualize-jumps[=color|=extended-color|=off]
[--disassembler-color=[off|terminal|on|extended]
[-U method] [--unicode=method]
[-V|--version]
[-H|--help]
objfile...
DESCRIPTION
objdump displays information about one or more object files. The options control what
particular information to display. This information is mostly useful to programmers
who are working on the compilation tools, as opposed to programmers who just want
their program to compile and work.
objfile... are the object files to be examined. When you specify archives, objdump
shows information on each of the member object files.
OPTIONS
The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are equivalent. At
least one option from the list
-a,-d,-D,-e,-f,-g,-G,-h,-H,-p,-P,-r,-R,-s,-S,-t,-T,-V,-x must be given.
-a
--archive-header
If any of the objfile files are archives, display the archive header information
(in a format similar to ls -l). Besides the information you could list with ar
tv, objdump -a shows the object file format of each archive member.
--adjust-vma=offset
When dumping information, first add offset to all the section addresses. This is
useful if the section addresses do not correspond to the symbol table, which can
happen when putting sections at particular addresses when using a format which can
not represent section addresses, such as a.out.
-b bfdname
--target=bfdname
Specify that the object-code format for the object files is bfdname. This option
may not be necessary; objdump can automatically recognize many formats.
For example,
objdump -b oasys -m vax -h fu.o
displays summary information from the section headers (-h) of fu.o, which is
explicitly identified (-m) as a VAX object file in the format produced by Oasys
compilers. You can list the formats available with the -i option.
-C
--demangle[=style]
Decode (demangle) low-level symbol names into user-level names. Besides removing
any initial underscore prepended by the system, this makes C++ function names
readable. Different compilers have different mangling styles. The optional
demangling style argument can be used to choose an appropriate demangling style
for your compiler.
--recurse-limit
--no-recurse-limit
--recursion-limit
--no-recursion-limit
Enables or disables a limit on the amount of recursion performed whilst demangling
strings. Since the name mangling formats allow for an infinite level of recursion
it is possible to create strings whose decoding will exhaust the amount of stack
space available on the host machine, triggering a memory fault. The limit tries
to prevent this from happening by restricting recursion to 2048 levels of nesting.
The default is for this limit to be enabled, but disabling it may be necessary in
order to demangle truly complicated names. Note however that if the recursion
limit is disabled then stack exhaustion is possible and any bug reports about such
an event will be rejected.
-g
--debugging
Display debugging information. This attempts to parse STABS debugging format
information stored in the file and print it out using a C like syntax. If no
STABS debugging was found this option falls back on the -W option to print any
DWARF information in the file.
-e
--debugging-tags
Like -g, but the information is generated in a format compatible with ctags tool.
-d
--disassemble
--disassemble=symbol
Display the assembler mnemonics for the machine instructions from the input file.
This option only disassembles those sections which are expected to contain
instructions. If the optional symbol argument is given, then display the
assembler mnemonics starting at symbol. If symbol is a function name then
disassembly will stop at the end of the function, otherwise it will stop when the
next symbol is encountered. If there are no matches for symbol then nothing will
be displayed.
Note if the --dwarf=follow-links option is enabled then any symbol tables in
linked debug info files will be read in and used when disassembling.
-D
--disassemble-all
Like -d, but disassemble the contents of all non-empty non-bss sections, not just
those expected to contain instructions. -j may be used to select specific
sections.
This option also has a subtle effect on the disassembly of instructions in code
sections. When option -d is in effect objdump will assume that any symbols
present in a code section occur on the boundary between instructions and it will
refuse to disassemble across such a boundary. When option -D is in effect however
this assumption is supressed. This means that it is possible for the output of -d
and -D to differ if, for example, data is stored in code sections.
If the target is an ARM architecture this switch also has the effect of forcing
the disassembler to decode pieces of data found in code sections as if they were
instructions.
Note if the --dwarf=follow-links option is enabled then any symbol tables in
linked debug info files will be read in and used when disassembling.
--no-addresses
When disassembling, don't print addresses on each line or for symbols and
relocation offsets. In combination with --no-show-raw-insn this may be useful for
comparing compiler output.
--prefix-addresses
When disassembling, print the complete address on each line. This is the older
disassembly format.
-EB
-EL
--endian={big|little}
Specify the endianness of the object files. This only affects disassembly. This
can be useful when disassembling a file format which does not describe endianness
information, such as S-records.
-f
--file-headers
Display summary information from the overall header of each of the objfile files.
-F
--file-offsets
When disassembling sections, whenever a symbol is displayed, also display the file
offset of the region of data that is about to be dumped. If zeroes are being
skipped, then when disassembly resumes, tell the user how many zeroes were skipped
and the file offset of the location from where the disassembly resumes. When
dumping sections, display the file offset of the location from where the dump
starts.
--file-start-context
Specify that when displaying interlisted source code/disassembly (assumes -S) from
a file that has not yet been displayed, extend the context to the start of the
file.
-h
--section-headers
--headers
Display summary information from the section headers of the object file.
File segments may be relocated to nonstandard addresses, for example by using the
-Ttext, -Tdata, or -Tbss options to ld. However, some object file formats, such
as a.out, do not store the starting address of the file segments. In those
situations, although ld relocates the sections correctly, using objdump -h to list
the file section headers cannot show the correct addresses. Instead, it shows the
usual addresses, which are implicit for the target.
Note, in some cases it is possible for a section to have both the READONLY and the
NOREAD attributes set. In such cases the NOREAD attribute takes precedence, but
objdump will report both since the exact setting of the flag bits might be
important.
-H
--help
Print a summary of the options to objdump and exit.
-i
--info
Display a list showing all architectures and object formats available for
specification with -b or -m.
-j name
--section=name
Display information for section name. This option may be specified multiple
times.
-L
--process-links
Display the contents of non-debug sections found in separate debuginfo files that
are linked to the main file. This option automatically implies the -WK option,
and only sections requested by other command line options will be displayed.
-l
--line-numbers
Label the display (using debugging information) with the filename and source line
numbers corresponding to the object code or relocs shown. Only useful with -d,
-D, or -r.
-m machine
--architecture=machine
Specify the architecture to use when disassembling object files. This can be
useful when disassembling object files which do not describe architecture
information, such as S-records. You can list the available architectures with the
-i option.
For most architectures it is possible to supply an architecture name and a machine
name, separated by a colon. For example foo:bar would refer to the bar machine
type in the foo architecture. This can be helpful if objdump has been configured
to support multiple architectures.
If the target is an ARM architecture then this switch has an additional effect.
It restricts the disassembly to only those instructions supported by the
architecture specified by machine. If it is necessary to use this switch because
the input file does not contain any architecture information, but it is also
desired to disassemble all the instructions use -marm.
-M options
--disassembler-options=options
Pass target specific information to the disassembler. Only supported on some
targets. If it is necessary to specify more than one disassembler option then
multiple -M options can be used or can be placed together into a comma separated
list.
For ARC, dsp controls the printing of DSP instructions, spfp selects the printing
of FPX single precision FP instructions, dpfp selects the printing of FPX double
precision FP instructions, quarkse_em selects the printing of special QuarkSE-EM
instructions, fpuda selects the printing of double precision assist instructions,
fpus selects the printing of FPU single precision FP instructions, while fpud
selects the printing of FPU double precision FP instructions. Additionally, one
can choose to have all the immediates printed in hexadecimal using hex. By
default, the short immediates are printed using the decimal representation, while
the long immediate values are printed as hexadecimal.
cpu=... allows one to enforce a particular ISA when disassembling instructions,
overriding the -m value or whatever is in the ELF file. This might be useful to
select ARC EM or HS ISA, because architecture is same for those and disassembler
relies on private ELF header data to decide if code is for EM or HS. This option
might be specified multiple times - only the latest value will be used. Valid
values are same as for the assembler -mcpu=... option.
If the target is an ARM architecture then this switch can be used to select which
register name set is used during disassembler. Specifying -M reg-names-std (the
default) will select the register names as used in ARM's instruction set
documentation, but with register 13 called 'sp', register 14 called 'lr' and
register 15 called 'pc'. Specifying -M reg-names-apcs will select the name set
used by the ARM Procedure Call Standard, whilst specifying -M reg-names-raw will
just use r followed by the register number.
There are also two variants on the APCS register naming scheme enabled by -M reg-
names-atpcs and -M reg-names-special-atpcs which use the ARM/Thumb Procedure Call
Standard naming conventions. (Either with the normal register names or the
special register names).
This option can also be used for ARM architectures to force the disassembler to
interpret all instructions as Thumb instructions by using the switch
--disassembler-options=force-thumb. This can be useful when attempting to
disassemble thumb code produced by other compilers.
For AArch64 targets this switch can be used to set whether instructions are
disassembled as the most general instruction using the -M no-aliases option or
whether instruction notes should be generated as comments in the disasssembly
using -M notes.
For the x86, some of the options duplicate functions of the -m switch, but allow
finer grained control.
"x86-64"
"i386"
"i8086"
Select disassembly for the given architecture.
"intel"
"att"
Select between intel syntax mode and AT&T syntax mode.
"amd64"
"intel64"
Select between AMD64 ISA and Intel64 ISA.
"intel-mnemonic"
"att-mnemonic"
Select between intel mnemonic mode and AT&T mnemonic mode. Note:
"intel-mnemonic" implies "intel" and "att-mnemonic" implies "att".
"addr64"
"addr32"
"addr16"
"data32"
"data16"
Specify the default address size and operand size. These five options will be
overridden if "x86-64", "i386" or "i8086" appear later in the option string.
"suffix"
When in AT&T mode and also for a limited set of instructions when in Intel
mode, instructs the disassembler to print a mnemonic suffix even when the
suffix could be inferred by the operands or, for certain instructions, the
execution mode's defaults.
For PowerPC, the -M argument raw selects disasssembly of hardware insns rather
than aliases. For example, you will see "rlwinm" rather than "clrlwi", and "addi"
rather than "li". All of the -m arguments for gas that select a CPU are
supported. These are: 403, 405, 440, 464, 476, 601, 603, 604, 620, 7400, 7410,
7450, 7455, 750cl, 821, 850, 860, a2, booke, booke32, cell, com, e200z2, e200z4,
e300, e500, e500mc, e500mc64, e500x2, e5500, e6500, efs, power4, power5, power6,
power7, power8, power9, power10, ppc, ppc32, ppc64, ppc64bridge, ppcps, pwr, pwr2,
pwr4, pwr5, pwr5x, pwr6, pwr7, pwr8, pwr9, pwr10, pwrx, titan, vle, and future.
32 and 64 modify the default or a prior CPU selection, disabling and enabling
64-bit insns respectively. In addition, altivec, any, lsp, htm, vsx, spe and
spe2 add capabilities to a previous or later CPU selection. any will disassemble
any opcode known to binutils, but in cases where an opcode has two different
meanings or different arguments, you may not see the disassembly you expect. If
you disassemble without giving a CPU selection, a default will be chosen from
information gleaned by BFD from the object files headers, but the result again may
not be as you expect.
For MIPS, this option controls the printing of instruction mnemonic names and
register names in disassembled instructions. Multiple selections from the
following may be specified as a comma separated string, and invalid options are
ignored:
"no-aliases"
Print the 'raw' instruction mnemonic instead of some pseudo instruction
mnemonic. I.e., print 'daddu' or 'or' instead of 'move', 'sll' instead of
'nop', etc.
"msa"
Disassemble MSA instructions.
"virt"
Disassemble the virtualization ASE instructions.
"xpa"
Disassemble the eXtended Physical Address (XPA) ASE instructions.
"gpr-names=ABI"
Print GPR (general-purpose register) names as appropriate for the specified
ABI. By default, GPR names are selected according to the ABI of the binary
being disassembled.
"fpr-names=ABI"
Print FPR (floating-point register) names as appropriate for the specified
ABI. By default, FPR numbers are printed rather than names.
"cp0-names=ARCH"
Print CP0 (system control coprocessor; coprocessor 0) register names as
appropriate for the CPU or architecture specified by ARCH. By default, CP0
register names are selected according to the architecture and CPU of the
binary being disassembled.
"hwr-names=ARCH"
Print HWR (hardware register, used by the "rdhwr" instruction) names as
appropriate for the CPU or architecture specified by ARCH. By default, HWR
names are selected according to the architecture and CPU of the binary being
disassembled.
"reg-names=ABI"
Print GPR and FPR names as appropriate for the selected ABI.
"reg-names=ARCH"
Print CPU-specific register names (CP0 register and HWR names) as appropriate
for the selected CPU or architecture.
For any of the options listed above, ABI or ARCH may be specified as numeric to
have numbers printed rather than names, for the selected types of registers. You
can list the available values of ABI and ARCH using the --help option.
For VAX, you can specify function entry addresses with -M entry:0xf00ba. You can
use this multiple times to properly disassemble VAX binary files that don't
contain symbol tables (like ROM dumps). In these cases, the function entry mask
would otherwise be decoded as VAX instructions, which would probably lead the rest
of the function being wrongly disassembled.
-p
--private-headers
Print information that is specific to the object file format. The exact
information printed depends upon the object file format. For some object file
formats, no additional information is printed.
-P options
--private=options
Print information that is specific to the object file format. The argument
options is a comma separated list that depends on the format (the lists of options
is displayed with the help).
For XCOFF, the available options are:
"header"
"aout"
"sections"
"syms"
"relocs"
"lineno,"
"loader"
"except"
"typchk"
"traceback"
"toc"
"ldinfo"
For PE, the available options are:
"header"
"sections"
Not all object formats support this option. In particular the ELF format does not
use it.
-r
--reloc
Print the relocation entries of the file. If used with -d or -D, the relocations
are printed interspersed with the disassembly.
-R
--dynamic-reloc
Print the dynamic relocation entries of the file. This is only meaningful for
dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared libraries. As for -r, if used
with -d or -D, the relocations are printed interspersed with the disassembly.
-s
--full-contents
Display the full contents of sections, often used in combination with -j to
request specific sections. By default all non-empty non-bss sections are
displayed. By default any compressed section will be displayed in its compressed
form. In order to see the contents in a decompressed form add the -Z option to
the command line.
-S
--source
Display source code intermixed with disassembly, if possible. Implies -d.
--show-all-symbols
When disassembling, show all the symbols that match a given address, not just the
first one.
--source-comment[=txt]
Like the -S option, but all source code lines are displayed with a prefix of txt.
Typically txt will be a comment string which can be used to distinguish the
assembler code from the source code. If txt is not provided then a default string
of "# " (hash followed by a space), will be used.
--prefix=prefix
Specify prefix to add to the absolute paths when used with -S.
--prefix-strip=level
Indicate how many initial directory names to strip off the hardwired absolute
paths. It has no effect without --prefix=prefix.
--show-raw-insn
When disassembling instructions, print the instruction in hex as well as in
symbolic form. This is the default except when --prefix-addresses is used.
--no-show-raw-insn
When disassembling instructions, do not print the instruction bytes. This is the
default when --prefix-addresses is used.
--insn-width=width
Display width bytes on a single line when disassembling instructions.
--visualize-jumps[=color|=extended-color|=off]
Visualize jumps that stay inside a function by drawing ASCII art between the start
and target addresses. The optional =color argument adds color to the output using
simple terminal colors. Alternatively the =extended-color argument will add color
using 8bit colors, but these might not work on all terminals.
If it is necessary to disable the visualize-jumps option after it has previously
been enabled then use visualize-jumps=off.
--disassembler-color=off
--disassembler-color=terminal
--disassembler-color=on|color|colour
--disassembler-color=extened|extended-color|extened-colour
Enables or disables the use of colored syntax highlighting in disassembly output.
The default behaviour is determined via a configure time option. Note, not all
architectures support colored syntax highlighting, and depending upon the terminal
used, colored output may not actually be legible.
The on argument adds colors using simple terminal colors.
The terminal argument does the same, but only if the output device is a terminal.
The extended-color argument is similar to the on argument, but it uses 8-bit
colors. These may not work on all terminals.
The off argument disables colored disassembly.
-W[lLiaprmfFsoORtUuTgAckK]
--dwarf[=rawline,=decodedline,=info,=abbrev,=pubnames,=aranges,=macro,=frames,=frames-interp,=str,=str-offsets,=loc,=Ranges,=pubtypes,=trace_info,=trace_abbrev,=trace_aranges,=gdb_index,=addr,=cu_index,=links,=follow-links]
Displays the contents of the DWARF debug sections in the file, if any are present.
Compressed debug sections are automatically decompressed (temporarily) before they
are displayed. If one or more of the optional letters or words follows the switch
then only those type(s) of data will be dumped. The letters and words refer to
the following information:
"a"
"=abbrev"
Displays the contents of the .debug_abbrev section.
"A"
"=addr"
Displays the contents of the .debug_addr section.
"c"
"=cu_index"
Displays the contents of the .debug_cu_index and/or .debug_tu_index sections.
"f"
"=frames"
Display the raw contents of a .debug_frame section.
"F"
"=frames-interp"
Display the interpreted contents of a .debug_frame section.
"g"
"=gdb_index"
Displays the contents of the .gdb_index and/or .debug_names sections.
"i"
"=info"
Displays the contents of the .debug_info section. Note: the output from this
option can also be restricted by the use of the --dwarf-depth and
--dwarf-start options.
"k"
"=links"
Displays the contents of the .gnu_debuglink, .gnu_debugaltlink and .debug_sup
sections, if any of them are present. Also displays any links to separate
dwarf object files (dwo), if they are specified by the DW_AT_GNU_dwo_name or
DW_AT_dwo_name attributes in the .debug_info section.
"K"
"=follow-links"
Display the contents of any selected debug sections that are found in linked,
separate debug info file(s). This can result in multiple versions of the same
debug section being displayed if it exists in more than one file.
In addition, when displaying DWARF attributes, if a form is found that
references the separate debug info file, then the referenced contents will
also be displayed.
Note - in some distributions this option is enabled by default. It can be
disabled via the N debug option. The default can be chosen when configuring
the binutils via the --enable-follow-debug-links=yes or
--enable-follow-debug-links=no options. If these are not used then the
default is to enable the following of debug links.
Note - if support for the debuginfod protocol was enabled when the binutils
were built then this option will also include an attempt to contact any
debuginfod servers mentioned in the DEBUGINFOD_URLS environment variable.
This could take some time to resolve. This behaviour can be disabled via the
=do-not-use-debuginfod debug option.
"N"
"=no-follow-links"
Disables the following of links to separate debug info files.
"D"
"=use-debuginfod"
Enables contacting debuginfod servers if there is a need to follow debug
links. This is the default behaviour.
"E"
"=do-not-use-debuginfod"
Disables contacting debuginfod servers when there is a need to follow debug
links.
"l"
"=rawline"
Displays the contents of the .debug_line section in a raw format.
"L"
"=decodedline"
Displays the interpreted contents of the .debug_line section.
"m"
"=macro"
Displays the contents of the .debug_macro and/or .debug_macinfo sections.
"o"
"=loc"
Displays the contents of the .debug_loc and/or .debug_loclists sections.
"O"
"=str-offsets"
Displays the contents of the .debug_str_offsets section.
"p"
"=pubnames"
Displays the contents of the .debug_pubnames and/or .debug_gnu_pubnames
sections.
"r"
"=aranges"
Displays the contents of the .debug_aranges section.
"R"
"=Ranges"
Displays the contents of the .debug_ranges and/or .debug_rnglists sections.
"s"
"=str"
Displays the contents of the .debug_str, .debug_line_str and/or
.debug_str_offsets sections.
"t"
"=pubtype"
Displays the contents of the .debug_pubtypes and/or .debug_gnu_pubtypes
sections.
"T"
"=trace_aranges"
Displays the contents of the .trace_aranges section.
"u"
"=trace_abbrev"
Displays the contents of the .trace_abbrev section.
"U"
"=trace_info"
Displays the contents of the .trace_info section.
Note: displaying the contents of .debug_static_funcs, .debug_static_vars and
debug_weaknames sections is not currently supported.
--dwarf-depth=n
Limit the dump of the ".debug_info" section to n children. This is only useful
with --debug-dump=info. The default is to print all DIEs; the special value 0 for
n will also have this effect.
With a non-zero value for n, DIEs at or deeper than n levels will not be printed.
The range for n is zero-based.
--dwarf-start=n
Print only DIEs beginning with the DIE numbered n. This is only useful with
--debug-dump=info.
If specified, this option will suppress printing of any header information and all
DIEs before the DIE numbered n. Only siblings and children of the specified DIE
will be printed.
This can be used in conjunction with --dwarf-depth.
--dwarf-check
Enable additional checks for consistency of Dwarf information.
--ctf[=section]
Display the contents of the specified CTF section. CTF sections themselves
contain many subsections, all of which are displayed in order.
By default, display the name of the section named .ctf, which is the name emitted
by ld.
--ctf-parent=member
If the CTF section contains ambiguously-defined types, it will consist of an
archive of many CTF dictionaries, all inheriting from one dictionary containing
unambiguous types. This member is by default named .ctf, like the section
containing it, but it is possible to change this name using the
"ctf_link_set_memb_name_changer" function at link time. When looking at CTF
archives that have been created by a linker that uses the name changer to rename
the parent archive member, --ctf-parent can be used to specify the name used for
the parent.
--sframe[=section]
Display the contents of the specified SFrame section.
By default, display the name of the section named .sframe, which is the name
emitted by ld.
-G
--stabs
Display the full contents of any sections requested. Display the contents of the
.stab and .stab.index and .stab.excl sections from an ELF file. This is only
useful on systems (such as Solaris 2.0) in which ".stab" debugging symbol-table
entries are carried in an ELF section. In most other file formats, debugging
symbol-table entries are interleaved with linkage symbols, and are visible in the
--syms output.
--start-address=address
Start displaying data at the specified address. This affects the output of the
-d, -r and -s options.
--stop-address=address
Stop displaying data at the specified address. This affects the output of the -d,
-r and -s options.
-t
--syms
Print the symbol table entries of the file. This is similar to the information
provided by the nm program, although the display format is different. The format
of the output depends upon the format of the file being dumped, but there are two
main types. One looks like this:
[ 4](sec 3)(fl 0x00)(ty 0)(scl 3) (nx 1) 0x00000000 .bss
[ 6](sec 1)(fl 0x00)(ty 0)(scl 2) (nx 0) 0x00000000 fred
where the number inside the square brackets is the number of the entry in the
symbol table, the sec number is the section number, the fl value are the symbol's
flag bits, the ty number is the symbol's type, the scl number is the symbol's
storage class and the nx value is the number of auxiliary entries associated with
the symbol. The last two fields are the symbol's value and its name.
The other common output format, usually seen with ELF based files, looks like
this:
00000000 l d .bss 00000000 .bss
00000000 g .text 00000000 fred
Here the first number is the symbol's value (sometimes referred to as its
address). The next field is actually a set of characters and spaces indicating
the flag bits that are set on the symbol. These characters are described below.
Next is the section with which the symbol is associated or *ABS* if the section is
absolute (ie not connected with any section), or *UND* if the section is
referenced in the file being dumped, but not defined there.
After the section name comes another field, a number, which for common symbols is
the alignment and for other symbol is the size. Finally the symbol's name is
displayed.
The flag characters are divided into 7 groups as follows:
"l"
"g"
"u"
"!" The symbol is a local (l), global (g), unique global (u), neither global nor
local (a space) or both global and local (!). A symbol can be neither local
or global for a variety of reasons, e.g., because it is used for debugging,
but it is probably an indication of a bug if it is ever both local and global.
Unique global symbols are a GNU extension to the standard set of ELF symbol
bindings. For such a symbol the dynamic linker will make sure that in the
entire process there is just one symbol with this name and type in use.
"w" The symbol is weak (w) or strong (a space).
"C" The symbol denotes a constructor (C) or an ordinary symbol (a space).
"W" The symbol is a warning (W) or a normal symbol (a space). A warning symbol's
name is a message to be displayed if the symbol following the warning symbol
is ever referenced.
"I"
"i" The symbol is an indirect reference to another symbol (I), a function to be
evaluated during reloc processing (i) or a normal symbol (a space).
"d"
"D" The symbol is a debugging symbol (d) or a dynamic symbol (D) or a normal
symbol (a space).
"F"
"f"
"O" The symbol is the name of a function (F) or a file (f) or an object (O) or
just a normal symbol (a space).
-T
--dynamic-syms
Print the dynamic symbol table entries of the file. This is only meaningful for
dynamic objects, such as certain types of shared libraries. This is similar to
the information provided by the nm program when given the -D (--dynamic) option.
The output format is similar to that produced by the --syms option, except that an
extra field is inserted before the symbol's name, giving the version information
associated with the symbol. If the version is the default version to be used when
resolving unversioned references to the symbol then it's displayed as is,
otherwise it's put into parentheses.
--special-syms
When displaying symbols include those which the target considers to be special in
some way and which would not normally be of interest to the user.
-U [d|i|l|e|x|h]
--unicode=[default|invalid|locale|escape|hex|highlight]
Controls the display of UTF-8 encoded multibyte characters in strings. The
default (--unicode=default) is to give them no special treatment. The
--unicode=locale option displays the sequence in the current locale, which may or
may not support them. The options --unicode=hex and --unicode=invalid display
them as hex byte sequences enclosed by either angle brackets or curly braces.
The --unicode=escape option displays them as escape sequences (\uxxxx) and the
--unicode=highlight option displays them as escape sequences highlighted in red
(if supported by the output device). The colouring is intended to draw attention
to the presence of unicode sequences where they might not be expected.
-V
--version
Print the version number of objdump and exit.
-x
--all-headers
Display all available header information, including the symbol table and
relocation entries. Using -x is equivalent to specifying all of -a -f -h -p -r
-t.
-w
--wide
Format some lines for output devices that have more than 80 columns. Also do not
truncate symbol names when they are displayed.
-z
--disassemble-zeroes
Normally the disassembly output will skip blocks of zeroes. This option directs
the disassembler to disassemble those blocks, just like any other data.
-Z
--decompress
The -Z option is meant to be used in conunction with the -s option. It instructs
objdump to decompress any compressed sections before displaying their contents.
@file
Read command-line options from file. The options read are inserted in place of
the original @file option. If file does not exist, or cannot be read, then the
option will be treated literally, and not removed.
Options in file are separated by whitespace. A whitespace character may be
included in an option by surrounding the entire option in either single or double
quotes. Any character (including a backslash) may be included by prefixing the
character to be included with a backslash. The file may itself contain additional
@file options; any such options will be processed recursively.
SEE ALSO
nm(1), readelf(1), and the Info entries for binutils.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright (c) 1991-2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms
of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by
the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts,
and with no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section
entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
binutils-2.42 2023-09-02 OBJDUMP(1)